The Westminster system of the Executive Cabinet being embedded in Parliament grew from the need to route executive power away from the monarch while leaving the King with ceremonial authority. This is in contrast to the Washington system which separated the Executive entirely from Congress. The Westminster system, as practiced in Britain, also contains the upper house as a left over from the period when the King-Lord-Commons form of political philosophy dominated. Wentworth proposed this model for NSW when the colony was seeking self-government. Deniehy famously pilloried this illiberal model of government. Reform for the House of Lords in Britain is a common form of discussion, a new think-tank and advocacy group for a modern House of Lords has recently been formed, the Lords Reform Institute. They are proposing a sortitionist model.

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# adam commented : Size: The various sortition proposals for the House of Lords were an inspiration for my suggestions as it happens. The Queensland Legislative Council is the only world parliament less powerful :)

The current House of Lords is larger than the House of Commons by about 100 members. It used to be much larger, with a kind of amateur idea that though the most political may be there full time, many peers would just drop in on the issues that interested them.

Seems to me the Tories could grab this issue of constitutional reform from Labour, and appointment by sortition might better suit their traditional conception of the house as an amateur venue (whilst obviously ditching the hereditary nonsense). There\'s plenty to criticise Blair and Labour with their half-hearted reform of purely appointed life peers - \"Tony\'s cronies\" seems to be the nickname. Last I checked though, the Conservatives\' policy was a 100 seat upper house inspired by the US Senate.

The first biannual CFC/NaCoWriMo fun challenge brought forth four constitutions in various states of completion. Pretty good effort for a first run. We got three that included sortition, three that were parliamentary based and one that separated out the Executive. Lots of diversity there.

The time has come to cast your vote for the constitution you favoured! Poll inside. (more)
We would be a republic now if the elite and the people could agree on a way to appoint the president. The polls consistently show that the Australian people wish to elect the president. Repeated statements by the government and opposition show the elite rejects the idea of popular election.

Looking for a way to resolves this, I thought about British Columbia, Ontario and the Netherlands. All of them are using Citizens Assemblies, randomly elected, to deal with electoral reform.

My idea is to elect a ceremonial president by the same process. Chapter 4 is part of a complete constitution which is still a work in progress. So is the explanatory memo, but that's another story. (more)
# cam commented : Formalisation of No Confidence votes: is interesting. It gives concrete process to the practice. So far three of the four have included sortition in one form or another. That seems to be the next step in legislative/executive constitutionality.

cam
# Alan commented : sortition: The Citizens Assemblies in British Columbia, Ontario and the Netherlands (where citizens assembly has the unfortunate translation, to English-speaking ears anyway, of \'burgerforum\') have given sortition a large push.

Mt proposal is based on that. Electing a president is an obvious function for a sortitive body. I\'m not quite so sure about using a citizens assembly as a permanent legislative body. It strikes me, incdentally, that a Citizens Assembly would be an excellent way to deal with the republican issue in Australia.
A sketch of a new Queensland constitution. The main change is the revival of the Legislative Council (Upper House) as a jury selected by lot from the population at large. The constitution is divided into two elements, a static constitution changeable only by popular referendum, and a dynamic constitution changeable by a supermajority of both houses of parliament. (more)
# cam commented : Nice: Much simpler than mine. It also plugs a needed hole in the Qld system by making parliament bicameral. This is interesting for the Council;

At most 3 partisan and 3 non-partisan members may be appointed by the government of the day

Mixing political specialists, with non-political specialists (presumably of good public character) and sortitionists.

cam
# adam commented : My reasoning there: Although a pure sortitionist chamber has its appeal, I added this because of the Legislative Council\'s role as an upper house. The partisan members exist to defend the policies of the government in the upper house; they may well appoint a Leader of the Government in the Legislative Council.

The non-partisan members are as you say intended to be the great and good from the community. The government could use it to eg appoint a representatives of the indigenous community. It could also be a training ground for Governors.

I still intend the sortitioned element to completely dominate the voting; you may note the worst ratio is 20:3:3.

I think this constitution is mainly shorter because of the elision of a Bill of Rights. I had originally started on a federal constitution. It may have been longer as the dynamic section was intended to bar the feds from domains left to the states, like policing and education.
# cam commented : It is probably informative: that independently, we both made one house in a bicameral parliament dominated by sortition, yet we both put specialists in there, with the intent of a specialist leading that body.

cam
# adam commented : Expertise: Sortition without experts is a talkback radio audience, or the Athenian democracy, or a mob. It leaves your government wide open to being kneecapped by unintuitive results.
# cam commented : I disagree with that: People are wiser than the media makes out when it segments markets. Another purpose for sortition is to pull out the hobbyist and other non-practicing specialists who the public process would otherwise disqualify. The citizen commenteriat fits that description.

cam
# adam commented : Well: ... the citizen commentariat are more or less self-educated experts. The thing is people have a whole set of political folk-beliefs, like the worth of protectionism, etc, but there are unintuitive results out there, which experts are aware of, that make experts reluctant to chase these solutions. All expert domains, eg medicine, have these problems, which non-specialists aren\'t aware of, because they don\'t have time.

Evidence from modern experience with sortition is that citizen juries go through a similar education process when they have time to digest the results, but without the same debts to faction or worries about getting re-elected; just a concern about being able to go back to their day to day lives having improved matters in the common weal.

Without the input of experts - not leadership, but access to the advice therof - you risk rash and damaging populist action.
# cam commented : by leadership i dont mean discipline: IIRC the albertan sortitionists went through six weekends of training and education on the issues. This would be a good area for the APH library to have a wider role.

Cam
# adam commented : That\'s the sort of thing: ... I was imagining.

My entry into the Constitution Fun Challenge. It has three separate branches and attempts to divide any power structure under a principle of elected, specialist and sortitionist. (more)

In a few hours it will be June 1st, which is the closing date for the Constitution Fun Challenge (NaCoWriMo). There will be a week for the different constitutions to be published on SSR, then I will post a wrap up with a poll.

Don't worry if your constitution is not finished (mine isn't) post it anyway, as we will do another CFC later in the year and you can continue on/revise your constitution. (more)

Remember folks, end of May is the deadline for the Constitution Fun Challenge slash NaCoWriMo. (more)

A common cry is that the judicial, rather than interpreting the constitution, is activist and making judgements that are more legislative than juridical. The judicial is treated as a specialist position and given tenure to hide it away from political or populist influence. Unfortunately the judicial often takes matters into its own interpretive hands and expands the power of those that appoint them. (more)

Another site that many of us frequent has held MFCs (music fun challenge) and WFCs (writing fun challenge). The equivalent in the political sphere is constitution writing. It is also an area that Australia has not excelled at. So in the interests of increasing Australian constitution writing skills, South Sea Republic is holding an informal and friendly competition to write a constitution, or part of a constitution. (more)
# avocadia commented : My stalled efforts: Not to sound full of myself, but I can\'t help but wonder if NaCoWriMo here isn\'t some attempt to flush out my stalled attempt at writing a constitution :- )
# Kieran Bennett commented : Constitution Fun Challenge here I come: Poor man\'s trackback , I\'m going to make something of an attempt.

Look foward to seeing what others have come up with by the end of May.
# cam commented : Wha?: :)

cam
# cam commented : Interesting take: I am interested to see what you come up with by removing the states.

cam
# adam commented : City states of the Australian plain: Hmmm, it\'ll be interesting to see how much sovereignty you feed to your little ancient Hellenic enclaves.
# avocadia commented : City-States?: Surely everything will be anarcho-capitialist burbclaves :- )
# adam commented : I\'ll start saving for my aircraft carrier now $:
# cam commented : Nearly all the major parties: .... have spoken of dissolving the states, Kieren\'s attempt at constitutionalising it will be the first formalisation of that policy that I know of.

cam
# cam commented : bio-tech is where it is at: I read this book , I think it was non-fiction, but there are all these people living off the coast of Australia in a manufactured island.

cam
Cam Riley: South Sea Republic. Freedom, liberty, equity and an Australian Republic.